Learning Idea

Molecule: The smallest particle of a substance that can exist independently is called a molecule. For example H 2 , O 2 , Cl 2 ,. A molecule consists of one or different kinds of atoms, for example, P 4, S 8 , NH 3 , H 2 SO 4 , C 6 H 12 O 6. Monoatomic molecule:  A molecule that contains one atom is called a monoatomic molecule . For example, He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn. Diatomic molecule:  A molecule that contains two atoms is called a Diatomic molecule . For Example H 2 , O 2 , Etc. Triatomic molecule:  A molecule that contains three atoms is called a Triatomic molecule . For Example: CO 2 , H 2 O, SO 2 etc. Atomicity: The total number of atoms in a molecule is called atomicity. For example, the atomicity of He is one, the atomicity of H 2 is 2, and the atomicity of H 2 O is 3. Macromolecule:  A big molecule that contains a very large number of atoms is called a macromolecule. For example Haemoglobin, Chlorophyll. Hemoglobin is found in the blood. I...

  Atom Atom: Greek philosophers thought that matter is made up of individual particles which cannot be further subdivided. Democritus (460-370) called these indivisible particles an atom (the Greek word atom means indivisible.) In 1880 , an English school teacher John Dalton gave atomic theory. Its main points are given below. 1     All matter is composed of atoms. 2.   The atoms of the same elements have similar properties. 3.   The atoms of different elements have different properties. The modern definition of an atom is given below. The smallest particle of an element that may or may exist independently is called an atom. For example, He, Ne, H, C, Na, Cu, S, etc. Modern research shows that an atom is further composed of electrons, protons, neutrons, positrons, hyperons, neutrinos, anti-neutrino, etc. they are called sub-atomic particles. More than 100 sub-atomic particles have been discovered. But electrons, protons, and neutrons are the fund...